Manhattan's Economy Depended on Office Workers. Now What?

With 90 percent of its usual commuters still working from home and a full return to the office highly unlikely, what will become of New York City's towering office buildings?

2 minute read

April 6, 2021, 5:00 AM PDT

By Diana Ionescu @aworkoffiction


New York City

mandritoiu / Shutterstock

As companies evaluate the effects of work-from-home policies on their productivity and their bottom lines, there's no doubt that a sizable percentage of remote workers will continue working from home, and many of Manhattan's massive office buildings will "probably never be full again." With companies like Spotify, Twitter, and SalesForce announcing drastic reductions in their in-person operations, writes Matthew Haag in the New York Times, the landscape of Manhattan real estate will change drastically, even after the pandemic is over.

Manhattan is, writes Haag, "an island whose economy has been sustained, from the corner hot dog vendor to Broadway theaters, by more than 1.6 million commuters every day." At the moment, "about 90% of Manhattan office workers are working remotely," with less than half estimated to return to the office by September of this year. "The consequences for New York could be far-reaching, not just for the city’s restaurants, coffee shops and other small businesses, but for municipal finances, which depend heavily on commercial real estate." The loss of daily commuters "has caused the market value of commercial properties that include office buildings to plunge nearly 16 percent during the pandemic, triggering a sharp decline in tax revenue that pays for essential city services, from schools to sanitation."

Others see a light at the end of the tunnel. "The surge in available commercial real estate has actually been a boon for some new businesses that have been able to find spaces at rents that are lower than they were before the pandemic." Brian S. Waterman, executive vice chairman of commercial real estate services firm Newmark, expressed optimism that New York offices would see a "much fuller occupancy" by this fall. Some leading tech companies have also added to their footprint in the city, with Facebook securing 1 million square feet of office space and Apple adding two floors to their Midtown offices. A group of developers and landlords is also calling for the city and state to change zoning rules to allow the adaptive reuse of office buildings into apartments to make more efficient use of the space and alleviate the city's housing shortage.

Monday, March 29, 2021 in The New York Times

Young Professional

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

Get top-rated, practical training for planners

"Planetizen federal action tracker" logo superimposed over black and white image of US Capitol dome.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

October 28, 2026 - Zachary Whalen

A car drives through a puddle, making a large splash. Rain pours down.

California plans to bury El Niño’s downpour

If the state plays its cards right, it may be able to store a billion acre-feet of El Niño’s water in aquifers.

October 28, 2026 - Grist

A pencil rendering of Foundry Park, which shows skyscrapers and public green spaces.

Chicago breaks ground on $3 billion megadevelopment

The new neighborhood, titled Foundry Park, will one day host 3,700 residences.

October 23, 2026 - Chicago Sun Times

A rendering of a high speed rain station in California, with wide platforms and a sleep train with yellow highlights.

California High-Speed Rail Authority CEO resigns after $600,000 scandal

Under Ian Choudri, the authority used taxpayer dollars to fund first class flights and trips to nightclubs.

October 30 - Cal Matters

 A bridge stretches across the Missouri River at Chamberlain, South Dakota.

Want to study the Missouri River? Soon, you may need unanimous approval from 10 states

Legislation would require 10 governors’ permission to study or build projects moving water outside the basin.

October 30 - South Dakota Searchlight

Lake Powell with much of the water evaporated.

Desperate measures: Advocates weigh draining Lake Powell to fill Colorado River

Draining the reservoir could reduce evaporation losses by a couple hundred thousand acre-feet.

October 30 - Yale Environment 360