Lack of Multi-Family Zones Contributes to Nashville’s High Housing Costs, Study Says

Nashville and surrounding communities allow for a relatively small amount of multi-family housing, according to a new zoning atlas of Middle Tennessee. A regionally focused nonprofit is using the atlas to push for zoning reforms.

2 minute read

June 6, 2023, 6:00 AM PDT

By James Brasuell @CasualBrasuell


The lack of property zoned for multi-family housing in Davidson County exacerbates Nashville's affordability crisis, according to a new study by the Beacon Center.

According to an article by Nate Rau for Axios Nashville, researchers from the Beacon Center scrutinized zoning codes throughout Middle Tennessee, producing a zoning atlas to map findings such as:

  • Just 10.9% of zoned land in Davidson County allows three or more units.
  • Davidson County allows two units on 57.2% of zoned land.
  • Suburban counties allow even less deviation from the single-family zoning norm: Williamson County, for example, allows three or more units on only 4.5% of its zoned land.

The Tennessee Zoning Atlas, based on the methodology of the National Zoning Atlas, includes overlays illustrating land where accessory dwelling units are allowed, in addition to planned residential developments, and lot sizes—the latter ranging from 0 to 20.24 acres to 2-plus acres.

The Beacon Center uses a separate webpage, along with the video shown above, to make the case that restrictive zoning contributes to high housing costs—a contentious point in the ongoing debates about gentrification, affordable housing, and cost of living that dominate the focus of the contemporary planning discussion. The supply-side findings of the Beacon Center’s study would obviously further the YIMBY, or pro-development, cause. According to the Beacon Center, “few Tennesseans realize that the biggest factor limiting where and how many homes can be built, leading to higher housing costs, is zoning by local governments.”

“These zoning restrictions not only impact individual families looking for affordable places to live but inflict massive costs on society. Studies show how restrictive zoning requirements have forced cities to continue developing further into the countryside—creating longer commutes, increased traffic, lowered productivity, and job relocations not based on opportunities, but on housing costs,” according to the post [links to studies were chosen by the author of this post] .

Monday, June 5, 2023 in Axios Nashville

portrait of professional woman

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban Planner

Get top-rated, practical training

Large brutalist building and skyscrapers viewed from middle of wide street in downtown Houston, Texas.

Research Links Urban Design and Human Happiness

An emerging field of ‘neuroarchitectural’ research is revealing how building facades and urban design impact the human brain and body.

January 3, 2025 - Wired

Graphic illustrating street with various lanes designed in Streetmix.

Reimagining Your Street

How to use free online tools to redesign your local streetscape.

January 3, 2025 - Urbanism Speakeasy via Substack

Sprawl

Research: Sprawl Linked to Poverty

Low-income families living in high-sprawl neighborhoods are limited in their access to education, jobs, and other amenities, often trapping them in a cycle of poverty.

January 6, 2025 - Science Blog

Aerial view of Olympia, Washington with state cpaitol dome in foreground on a somewhat cloudy day.

Washington Lawmakers Eye Rent Stabilization

Democrats are pushing for a statewide rent stabilization bill that would give renters some protections while offering more flexibility for landlords than blanket rent control policies.

January 14 - The Urbanist

Eaton Canyon trailhead in Los Angeles County on a cloudy day.

Wildfires Devastate LA Outdoor Education Spaces and Schools

The current Los Angeles wildfires have destroyed schools and outdoor education spaces like Eaton Canyon, displacing families and disrupting vital learning and community resources while highlighting the region’s vulnerability to natural disasters.

January 14 - AP News

Close-up of person on bike wearing backpack riding on city street.

Research Affirms Safety of ‘Idaho Stop’

Allowing cyclists to treat stop signs as yield signs does not negatively impact safety and can help people on bikes more effectively navigate roadways.

January 14 - Streetsblog California

Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools

This six-course series explores essential urban design concepts using open source software and equips planners with the tools they need to participate fully in the urban design process.

Planning for Universal Design

Learn the tools for implementing Universal Design in planning regulations.