California's Bay Delta Explained

As California's drought drags on, the Delta—which provides water to much of the state—has come to symbolize the tension among water users with competing interests. But the strained resource has also prompted ambitious initiatives for sustainability.

2 minute read

October 23, 2015, 8:00 AM PDT

By Elana Eden


Sacramento - San Joaquin River Delta

Jeffrey T. Kreulen / Shutterstock

Management of the Delta falls to the Delta Watermaster, Michael George, who unpacked the core conflicts surrounding the distribution of water from the region for VerdeXchange News.

In his analysis, he corrects what he sees as misconceptions about agricultural water use from urban residents in the Southland, who believe that farmers waste water with outdated technology and practices.

In fact, George points out, agricultural users have been hit hard by the drought: Recently, the state’s complicated system for administering water rights required some farmers to stop taking water from the Delta altogether. According to him, the Central Valley has taken on the shortage with "heroic" management of their crops, largely succeeding in increasing efficiency and reducing overall use. Urbanites just don’t know it—because meanwhile, the state has been growing and so has its demand for agricultural products.

Cities in the Southland have also taken steps to remove strain on the Delta: Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti ordered the DWP to import 50 percent less drinking water by 2024, and city departments are moving toward better management practices, including finding ways to capture and recycle water that currently runs to the ocean.

These programs are undoubtedly helpful, George explains—but much like the measures taken in the Central Valley, they can never be scaled up to achieve 100 percent efficiency.

"Southern California has done a great job of reducing its instantaneous demand on the Delta and other imported water sources," he says. "But it is impossible to imagine sustaining our Southern California economy without a reliable supply of imported water."

George goes on to explain the pros and cons of Governor Brown's controversial plan to update the Delta's conveyance system, and the challenges of diverting water for human use without damaging the ecosystem. And he reminds readers that protecting a shared resource requires a collaborative effort:

"The people of Southern California, who rely to a certain extent on imports from the Delta, are involved in an unbreakable symbiotic relationship with the agricultural interests there. I say the same thing, on a reciprocal basis, to my friends in the agricultural community in the Delta."

Thursday, October 15, 2015 in VerdeXchange News

Young Professional

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

Get top-rated, practical training for planners

"Planetizen federal action tracker" logo superimposed over black and white image of US Capitol dome.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

September 16, 2026 - Zachary Whalen

Passengers board an Amtrak train under a cloudy sky.

Amtrak, CN end decades-long dispute with eight-year agreement

The new operating agreement establishes an updated framework for the companies to work together, including processes to resolve disputes.

September 18, 2026 - Mass Transit

The Gross Reservoir, a large body of water surrounded by trees and mountains.

Judges permit Denver to divert 77,000 acre feet from the Colorado River for reservoir expansion

Overuse and climate change have caused the Colorado River’s water levels to plummet.

September 18, 2026 - Inside Climate News

A painted bus lane in NYC.

NYC DOT wants faster, more permanent street upgrades

The city is examining ways to build more concrete infrastructure without getting entangled in 'decades-long' projects.

September 21 - NYC Streetsblog

A woman looks at a utility bill.

'Something we’ve never seen before:' rising utility rates could strain city finances nationwide

Data centers, climate change and other factors have caused utility rates in the United States to increase by 38% since 2020.

September 21 - Smart Cities Dive

A person scuba diving in a coral reef off Guam.

Trump to overrule local leaders, lease millions of acres of America’s Pacific Island territories’ seafloors to mining companies

International law says that the Indigenous people of America’s territories have a right to prior and informed consent regarding projects that impact their countries.

September 21 - Grist