The Changing Geography of the Pandemic

During the pandemic's first phase in March and April, the Northeast was devastated by COVID-19. After Memorial Day, the surge was in the South and West. As cases decrease nationwide, they are now spiking in the Midwest, particularly North Dakota.

3 minute read

August 27, 2020, 5:00 AM PDT

By Irvin Dawid


Coronavirus COVID-19

Pranay Chandra Singh / Shutterstock

"Novel coronavirus infections are trending upward across the Midwest, raising concerns that those states are struggling to contain their outbreaks even as the nation’s total daily caseload continues to decline," reported Derek Hawkins and Marisa Iati for The Washington Post on Aug. 22.

Seven-day averages for new cases rose over the past week in the Dakotas, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Oklahoma and Wyoming, according to tracking by The Washington Post. South Dakota and Wyoming experienced the biggest jumps, with average daily caseloads up 58 percent and 50 percent, respectively.

The tracker (click on "trends") on Aug. 25 shows that North Dakota, after Guam, had the nation's highest increase in daily reported cases per capita over the last week, 46 percent, based on on a seven-day rolling average of daily new reported cases per 100,000 residents, followed by South Dakota with a 42 percent increase. (See below emboldened header for more specific information on the outbreak in the International Peace Garden State.)

Several cases in South Dakota have been linked to a motorcycle rally that drew hundreds of thousands of people to Sturgis this month. Health officials there said Thursday that they were aware of fewer than 25 infections among attendees, but acknowledged that they could not identify every case that exists because of the event.

Update: Twin Cities Pioneer Press reports on Aug. 25 that 112 coronavirus cases in eight states are linked to the motorcyle rally. "But it’s still far too early to gauge the full extent of the spread of COVID-19 from the annual event, where organizers counted more than 460,000 vehicles in attendance from across the nation."

CDC Director Robert Redfield warned of a "third wave in the heartland" if Midwestern states don’t follow guidance from health officials to slow the virus spread.

Alek Korab reported for ETNT Health on Aug. 25 on the five states that Redfield warned were particularly at risk of outbreaks, with links to local articles: Kansas, Kentucky, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Minnesota. Two days earlier, he reported that cases are soaring in Iowa, Kansas, Illinois, and North and South Dakota.

North Dakota number three in coronavirus case incidence

"A dramatic increase in North Dakota's coronavirus cases showed signs of stabilizing on Monday, Aug. 24, capping the worst week for new cases since the start of the pandemic," reported Adam Willis for the Grand Forks Herald, though that turned out not to be the case as the aforementioned Washington Post tracker indicated on Tuesday. Like his counterparts at The Washington Post, Willis noted the downward trend of new infections nationwide, and more importantly, what caused it.

Nationally, new case reports are in decline, a trend that health experts have attributed to local mask mandates and business closures in some of the most affected areas.

Harvard's COVID Risk Levels Dashboard indicated on Aug. 25 that North Dakota trailed only Mississippi in having the highest coronavirus case incidence, with 24.2 cases per 100,000 people (seven-day moving average), but that is based on Aug. 23 data. The dashboard does not include U.S. territories. Guam shows 36 new daily reported cases per 100,000 people, a 176 percent increase in the last week based on Aug. 25 data, according to The Washington Post tracker. North Dakota had the third-highest daily reported cases per capita, 28 per 100,000, after Guam and Mississippi with 29 per 100,000.

Return of college students increases community spread 

"Increased case counts in Grand Forks and Cass County have come as students at the University of North Dakota, in Grand Forks, and the North Dakota State University, in Fargo, return to campus for the fall semester," added Willis. A Grand Forks public health official "said upwards of about 75% of the recent spate of new cases are the result of UND students returning to campus," reported the Herald on Aug. 25. "Students were not required to get tested prior to arriving on campus, nor once they arrived on campus."

Hat tips to Angela Fritz and Avi Selk, authors of The Washington Post Coronavirus Updates newsletter.

Related in Planetizen:

Saturday, August 22, 2020 in The Washington Post

Young Professional

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

Get top-rated, practical training for planners

"Planetizen federal action tracker" logo superimposed over black and white image of US Capitol dome.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

September 23, 2026 - Zachary Whalen

Passengers board an Amtrak train under a cloudy sky.

Amtrak, CN end decades-long dispute with eight-year agreement

The new operating agreement establishes an updated framework for the companies to work together, including processes to resolve disputes.

September 18, 2026 - Mass Transit

An Airo train driving towards the camera on a track. There is a forest behind it.

Northwest rail fans eager for Sept. 30 debut of Amtrak’s Airo fleet

Get ready for that new train smell and more seats. But they won’t go faster or run more frequently on the Cascades route in Washington and Oregon.

September 22, 2026 - Washington State Standard

A blue Metrolink train with two cars drives toward the camera.

St. Louis Metro to test if single-car trains can reduce operating costs, maintain rider satisfaction

The pilot program will run from October to spring 2027, and begin with one single-car train operating on Metrolink’s Red and Blue lines.

September 25 - Mass Transit

An abandoned mine in Pennsylvania. The ceiling is low, the walls and floors are gray, and mine cart tracks run along the bottom.

Pennsylvania is building data centers in abandoned mines

Housing data centers in mines provides an alternative to destroying local forests and may spare residents from data centers’ noise and air pollution.

September 25 - Inside Climate News

Seagulls flying over the ocean in Texas.

If Corpus Christi can’t revive desalination plant project, it may owe Texas $235 million

Earlier this month, city officials declined to pursue developing the plant for the second time in a year.

September 25 - Inside Climate News

FREE Course: Walkable City 1: Why Walkability?

After describing his path towards focusing on walkability as the essence of good planning, Jeff Speck marches through his five principal reasons for making more walkable places.

Reinventing Malls: Planning Alchemy—Turning Gray Fields Into Gold

The course focuses on the opportunities and imperatives that shape reinvention of mall sites.

Senior Planner

City of Thousand Oaks

Community Development Director

City of Wisconsin Rapids

Professor of Urban Planning

Harvard University Graduate School of Design