Is Community Just Another Commodity?

A commodity is something that is normally bought and sold. Not everything is a commodity. Sure, most people need to purchase a certain amount of food, clothing and housing, but many other things that we value are not for sale. For example, simply purchasing exercise equipment will not make you physically fit – it requires effort. Similarly, health, safety, education, rewarding personal relationships, community and our satisfaction with life are aspirations that depend more on our behavior than on how much we spend.

2 minute read

May 17, 2007, 11:43 AM PDT

By Todd Litman


A commodity is something that is normally bought and sold. Not everything is a commodity. Sure, most people need to purchase a certain amount of food, clothing and housing, but many other things that we value are not for sale.

For example, simply purchasing exercise equipment will not make you physically fit – it requires effort. Similarly, health, safety, education, rewarding personal relationships, community and our satisfaction with life are aspirations that depend more on our behavior than on how much we spend.

This is not to deny that a certain amount of money is helpful, for example, to afford good food, safe vehicles, and adequate schools, but spending more does not guarantee greater success. In fact, as we become materially wealthier, the benefits from additional spending tends to decline – we are often better off spending less money and more time on the activities we care about.

For example, it is common for people to work extra hard so they can afford an exotic holiday that they think need to recover from the stress of work. They would probably be better reducing their work hours, and the stress in their life, even if this requires accepting a less glamorous but cheaper holiday.

This has important implications for planning. There are two, mutually exclusive visions of "paradise." One envisions paradise as a commodity, a distant place that you can buy (for a home or cottage) or rent (as a holiday destination) if you can afford it. The more you spend, the closer you get to real paradise. This is the perspective that we commonly see in holiday and real estate advertising. Publications, such as "Sperlings Best Places" (www.bestplaces.net), claim to identify the cities that are best for certain groups or activities (such as "Best Cities For Seniors" and "Romantic Cities for Baby Boomers").

That perspective reflects the idea that people should continually move from one place to another, until they find the "best," and there is noting wrong with spoiling a place if you can afford to replace it with one that is better. This discourages people from putting their heart and soul into a particular location.

The other vision perceives paradise as something we create within our own community, by developing friendships, social institutions, businesses, services and a healthy environment. From this perspective, paradise is not a commodity, it is the outcome of the effort we invest into people and the build and natural environment in a particiular place.

The challenge facing planners is to help build a vision that every community can become paradise.

 

For more information see:

Todd Litman (2007), Community Cohesion As A Transport Planning Objective, VTPI (www.vtpi.org); and www.vtpi.org/cohesion.pdf.


Todd Litman

Todd Litman is founder and executive director of the Victoria Transport Policy Institute, an independent research organization dedicated to developing innovative solutions to transport problems. His work helps to expand the range of impacts and options considered in transportation decision-making, improve evaluation methods, and make specialized technical concepts accessible to a larger audience. His research is used worldwide in transport planning and policy analysis.

"Planetizen federal action tracker" logo superimposed over black and white image of US Capitol dome.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

October 28, 2026 - Zachary Whalen

A car drives through a puddle, making a large splash. Rain pours down.

California plans to bury El Niño’s downpour

If the state plays its cards right, it may be able to store a billion acre-feet of El Niño’s water in aquifers.

October 28, 2026 - Grist

Lake Powell with much of the water evaporated.

Desperate measures: Advocates weigh draining Lake Powell to fill Colorado River

Draining the reservoir could reduce evaporation losses by a couple hundred thousand acre-feet.

October 30, 2026 - Yale Environment 360

A Firefighter sprays water from a hose at a tall blaze.

US buildings threatened, destroyed by fires set to triple by 2060

Researchers found a high fire risk for socioeconomically vulnerable neighborhoods in the American West.

5 hours ago - Inside Climate News

People cross a crosswalk in Los Angeles.

LA residents may be allowed to paint their own crosswalks

Councilwoman Katy Yaroslavsky put out a motion instructing the Los Angeles Department of Public Transportation to study the feasibility of allowing volunteers to paint crosswalks.

6 hours ago - ABC7

Two women walking on the sidewalk in Dallas.

Dallas moves to overhaul its zoning code

The city's zoning reform will allow more multi-family and mixed-use developments.

7 hours ago - Yahoo News

FREE Course: Walkable City 1: Why Walkability?

After describing his path towards focusing on walkability as the essence of good planning, Jeff Speck marches through his five principal reasons for making more walkable places.

Reinventing Malls: Planning Alchemy—Turning Gray Fields Into Gold

The course focuses on the opportunities and imperatives that shape reinvention of mall sites.

Write for Planetizen