How the Iconic Dingbat Took Over Los Angeles

The low-slung, car-oriented apartment buildings represent a mid-century solution to a housing shortage and offer valuable lessons for new development.

2 minute read

September 28, 2021, 12:00 PM PDT

By Diana Ionescu @aworkoffiction


Glendale, California

Britta Gustafson / Flickr

Describing the "aggressively economical" icon of mid-density apartment buildings known as dingbats that pepper Los Angeles from the Valley to the Eastside, Laura Bliss writes that these buildings "were a multifamily answer to that single-family template." These two- to three-story buildings include a carport on the bottom level and generally house six to 12 units. In the 1950s and 1960s, "[t]his new format for affordable multifamily living became nearly as ubiquitous as the single-family tract housing that iconified the much-mythologized Southern California suburban lifestyle."

Dingbats provided "an essential resource for a growing city: Los Angeles County added more than three million residents between 1940 and 1960, thanks to job booms in manufacturing and aerospace, educational opportunities for returning GIs, and the lure of year-round sunshine." Over 700,000 new units sprawled outward as new freeways made the periphery more accessible and the city swallowed up citrus orchards and ranches.

Today, dingbats, many of which are rent-stabilized, offer some important benefits as "a bastion of relatively affordable shelter" in a city facing a severe housing shortage. "Dingbats may also hold the possibility for accommodating further infill: Thanks to recent legal changes, it’s now possible to convert carports into accessory dwelling units, which some owners are beginning to do." These buildings exemplify the mid-century's answer to "missing middle housing" and "tell a story of when the city met the demands of the day with a low-cost, replicable, yet individualized housing form factor."

Friday, September 24, 2021 in Bloomberg CityLab

portrait of professional woman

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban Planner

Use Code 25for25 at checkout for 25% off an annual plan!

Logo for Planetizen Federal Action Tracker with black and white image of U.S. Capitol with water ripple overlay.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

June 4, 2025 - Diana Ionescu

White and yellow DART light rail train in Dallas, Texas with brick building in background.

DARTSpace Platform Streamlines Dallas TOD Application Process

The Dallas transit agency hopes a shorter permitting timeline will boost transit-oriented development around rail stations.

May 28, 2025 - Mass Transit

Metrorail train pulling into newly opened subterranean station in Washington, D.C. with crowd on platform taking photos.

Congressman Proposes Bill to Rename DC Metro “Trump Train”

The Make Autorail Great Again Act would withhold federal funding to the system until the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA), rebrands as the Washington Metropolitan Authority for Greater Access (WMAGA).

June 2, 2025 - The Hill

Worker in hard hat stands in front of oil pipeline under construction with yellow heavy equipment.

Supreme Court Ruling in Pipeline Case Guts Federal Environmental Law

The decision limits the scope of a federal law that mandates extensive environmental impact reviews of energy, infrastructure, and transportation projects.

June 5 - NPR

White, yellow, and blue Dallas Streetcar at station in downtown Dallas, Texas.

Texas State Bills to Defund Dallas Transit Die

DART would have seen a 30% service cut, $230M annual losses had the bills survived.

June 5 - Plano Star Courier

Collage of three photos of Team England cricket players taking green Lime bike share bikes to a game.

Bikeshare for the Win: Team Pedals to London Cricket Match, Beats Rivals Stuck in Traffic

While their opponents sat in gridlock, England's national cricket team hopped Lime bikes, riding to a 3-0 victory.

June 5 - The Straits Times

Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools

This six-course series explores essential urban design concepts using open source software and equips planners with the tools they need to participate fully in the urban design process.

Planning for Universal Design

Learn the tools for implementing Universal Design in planning regulations.