Underground: The Next Frontier of Urbanization

With rapidly urbanizing metro areas, some cities are not looking to build up, or spread out, anymore. Rather they have begun to grow into underground spaces.

1 minute read

September 27, 2014, 11:00 AM PDT

By Maayan Dembo @DJ_Mayjahn


Underground

Nikos Koutoulas / Flickr

Flavia Krause-Jackson, Kati Pohjanpalo, and Sharon Chen contributed to a piece in Bloomberg News regarding underground development. With limited space, and sky-rocketing real estate prices, some cities are looking down to create much needed space.

As Clara Irazábal, assistant professor at the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation at Columbia University, shared with the writers, "[t]here are real opportunities to develop underground to accommodate density for cities that are already overcrowded or growing... It can expand efficiency, reduce commuting times and improve quality of life."

A perfect example is in the third-most densest sovereign nation, Singapore. With a huge population of 5.4 million crammed onto a tiny 277 square mile island, wealthy Singapore's skyline is already jammed with more than 4,000 high-rises. This month, Singapore opened an underground oil-storage facility, "freeing space three times the size of New York’s Grand Central Station for chemical manufacturing above ground. The project caps a 30-year effort to create a petrochemical hub. It began when officials merged seven offshore islets and then spent S$950 million ($749 million) to dig rock caverns that can hold enough liquid hydrocarbon to fill 600 Olympic-sized swimming pools."

The piece describes efforts utilizing underground space in places like Helsinki, Beijing, and New York City.

Tuesday, September 23, 2014 in Bloomberg News

portrait of professional woman

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban Planner

Cover CM Credits, Earn Certificates, Push Your Career Forward

Aerial view of town of Wailuku in Maui, Hawaii with mountains in background against cloudy sunset sky.

Maui's Vacation Rental Debate Turns Ugly

Verbal attacks, misinformation campaigns and fistfights plague a high-stakes debate to convert thousands of vacation rentals into long-term housing.

July 1, 2025 - Honolulu Civil Beat

Logo for Planetizen Federal Action Tracker with black and white image of U.S. Capitol with water ripple overlay.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

July 2, 2025 - Diana Ionescu

White and purple sign for Slow Street in San Francisco, California with people crossing crosswalk.

San Francisco Suspends Traffic Calming Amidst Record Deaths

Citing “a challenging fiscal landscape,” the city will cease the program on the heels of 42 traffic deaths, including 24 pedestrians.

July 1, 2025 - KQED

Google street view of red brick multi-story power plant building in Pittsburgh, PA.

Defunct Pittsburgh Power Plant to Become Residential Tower

A decommissioned steam heat plant will be redeveloped into almost 100 affordable housing units.

July 4 - Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

Cyclist on protected bike lane in middle of street in Washington D.C. with Washington Monument obelisk visible in background.

Trump Prompts Restructuring of Transportation Research Board in “Unprecedented Overreach”

The TRB has eliminated more than half of its committees including those focused on climate, equity, and cities.

July 4 - Streetsblog USA

Blue and silver Amtrak train at small station.

Amtrak Rolls Out New Orleans to Alabama “Mardi Gras” Train

The new service will operate morning and evening departures between Mobile and New Orleans.

July 3 - New Orleans City Business