How Low Can India's Poverty Line Go?

Social activists have reacted sharply to the Indian Planning Commission's report that 25 rupees (50 cents) and 31 rupees a day is sufficient for people in rural and urban areas, respectively. Jyoti Malhotra reports on the ongoing debate.

1 minute read

October 2, 2011, 7:00 AM PDT

By Judy Chang


"In 2004, with the Congress party returning to power in defiance of the "Shining India" campaign launched by the outgoing Bharatiya Janata Party, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh commanded that Mr. Tendulkar revisit his poverty estimates and that Arjun Sengupta, another well-known economist, look into poverty levels, primarily in the unorganized sector.

By 2005-06, Mr. Sengupta had reported that 78% of the population lived below 20 rupees a day, while his fellow economist Mr. Tendulkar pulled up the poverty line from 26% (Planning Commission figures in 1999) to 42% for adults in rural areas spending below 15 rupees a day, keeping the 26% figure intact for the urban poor spending below 20 rupees a day. And in 2009, development scholar N. C. Saxena, suggested a via media figure of 50% for the rural poor, even as he suggested a methodology to identify them."

Wednesday, September 28, 2011 in India Real Time (Wall Street Journal)

portrait of professional woman

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban Planner

Cover CM Credits, Earn Certificates, Push Your Career Forward

Logo for Planetizen Federal Action Tracker with black and white image of U.S. Capitol with water ripple overlay.

Planetizen Federal Action Tracker

A weekly monitor of how Trump’s orders and actions are impacting planners and planning in America.

June 18, 2025 - Diana Ionescu

Two people walking away from camera through pedestrian plaza in street in Richmond, Virginia with purple and white city bus moving in background.

Vehicle-related Deaths Drop 29% in Richmond, VA

The seventh year of the city's Vision Zero strategy also cut the number of people killed in alcohol-related crashes by half.

June 17, 2025 - WRIC

Woman and young girl looking at subway map, woman pointing.

Can We Please Give Communities the Design They Deserve?

Often an afterthought, graphic design impacts everything from how we navigate a city to how we feel about it. One designer argues: the people deserve better.

June 9, 2025 - John Pobojewski

Close-up of yellow and black goldspotted oak borer beetle on blade of grass.

Southern Californians Survey Trees for Destructive Oak Pest

Hundreds of volunteers across five counties participated in the first Goldspotted Oak Borer Blitz, surveying oak trees for signs of the invasive beetle and contributing valuable data to help protect Southern California’s native woodlands.

June 22 - UC ANR Green Blog

New five-story apartment building under construction.

Opinion: How Geothermal HVAC Lowers Costs, Improves Grid Resilience

Geothermal heating and cooling systems can reduce energy costs and dramatically improve efficiency.

June 22 - Greater Greater Washington

Close-up on clipboard with pre-tenancy application and red pen.

Tenant Screening: A Billion-Dollar Industry with Little Oversight. What’s Being Done to Protect Renters?

Reports show that the data tenant screening companies use is often riddled with errors and relies on information that has no bearing on whether someone will be a good tenant.

June 22 - Shelterforce Magazine