Post Industrial?

I never put much thought into the term “post-industrial.”  In my college and grad years, the phrase seemed to be used like candy – a ubiquitous summary of the current state of cities in the US.  The phrase implies a kind of death in our cities, an inability to retain the industries that spurred their very growth. 

3 minute read

April 24, 2009, 8:33 PM PDT

By Scott Page


I never put much thought into the term "post-industrial."  In my college and grad years, the phrase seemed to be used like candy – a ubiquitous summary of the current state of cities in the US.  The phrase implies a kind of death in our cities, an inability to retain the industries that spurred their very growth. 

The term, first promoted by Daniel Bell in the early 1970s, is based on the trends that we have all come to know too well.  In the golden years of our industrial age, smokestacks and factories sat cheek by jowl with nearby homes.  Over time, industrial geography dispersed.  Some moved to suburban or exurban areas, others overseas.  Many "new" industrial uses (particularly those occupying space in exurban locations) occupied more space and resulted in bigger and flatter boxes.  The large box trend left cities with little bargaining power as larger urban sites for redevelopment are hard to come by.  In some cities, urban renewal programs in the 50s and 60s were able to carve out industrial space but today, space in cities is often limited compared to what's available further afield.  

As industry dispersed, each city was impacted differently.  Detroit's decline was markedly swifter than that in Philadelphia which had a more diverse base of industries.  But the end result is the same.  The often highly visible, vacant and obsolete industrial land has spurred the use of short-hand monikers like "rust-belt" city for added insult. 

But the term "post-industrial" isn't really accurate.  True, there have been changes and cities are not the powerhouses of industrial manufacturing in the ways they once were, but many cities also retain a healthy base of industrial use, even quite a few of those "rust-belt" ones.  Philadelphia, for instance, still has a diverse industrial base and only about an 11% vacancy rate in its industrial stock.  Now, coming into Philadelphia via Amtrak would have you believe that percentage should be a lot higher.  But despite these moments, there is a significant amount of production remaining in the city and local employment is very much tied to what's made, packaged, distributed and ultimately sold locally.  That's not to say we should cling to formerly industrial land in hopes that "formerly" will be replaced by "new," but industrial uses deserve consideration and discussion.  

Some of the issue is inevitably wrapped in the perception of what industry is.  Smokestacks, loud machinery, toxins hairnets - these are the words that spring to mind.  But a broader view today includes a whole range of production including research, artisanal and, depending on how we define it, green jobs.  Combined with the smaller distributers, wholesalers and other old school, but micro-industries, there is a rich economic sector that benefits from the density, activity and available workforce in urban areas.  And many of these uses can, and frequently do, sit comfortably next to homes, stores and parks. 

"Post industrial" feels like we've just given up.  But what is made locally is so important to a city's identity and vibe.  A colleague suggested "older industrial."  More accurate but in an age of political correctness and tact, maybe we should consider "experienced industrial" or "established industrial."  I'm open to suggestions. 


Scott Page

Scott Page is an urban designer and planner with degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and Georgia Tech. His experience in neighborhood design, city-wide housing strategies, waterfront planning, downtown revitalization and economic development has resulted in innovative and achievable strategies for a diversity of public, non-profit and private clients. Scott's design process merges creative grass-roots planning with a focus on sustainable development and design.

courses user

As someone new to the planning field, Planetizen has been the perfect host guiding me into planning and our complex modern challenges. Corey D, Transportation Planner

As someone new to the planning field, Planetizen has been the perfect host guiding me into planning and our complex modern challenges.

Corey D, Transportation Planner

Ready to give your planning career a boost?

Broken, uneven sidewalk being damaged by large tree roots in Los Angeles, California.

The City of Broken Sidewalks

Can Los Angeles fix 4,000 miles of broken sidewalks before the city hosts the 2028 Olympic Games?

December 5, 2024 - Donald Shoup

Large store in mall with yellow and black STORE CLOSING sign on front.

Shifts in Shopping: Transforming Malls Into Parks

Maybe zombie malls still have a second life — one with a little greenery.

December 8, 2024 - Ruscena Wiederholt

Empty street and high-rise buildings in downtown Chicago, Illinois during COvid-19 pandemic.

Major US Cities Still Suffering Downtown Decline

Research shows that the “donut effect” hollowing out central business districts since the pandemic continues to cause economic decline in the 12 largest American cities.

December 3, 2024 - Stanford University News

White Cruise autonomous vehicle on street in San Francisco, California.

GM Nixes Robotaxi Division

The company suspended the Cruise self-driving taxi service late last year after a vehicle struck and seriously injured a pedestrian.

15 minutes ago - Smart Cities Dive

Aerial view of Oklahoma state capitol building at golden hour.

Oklahoma Housing Agencies Face Major Budget Gaps

Housing authorities around the country will have a shortfall of $400 million by the end of this year.

1 hour ago - The Frontier

Close-up of woman in flowered dress holding bar next to white porcelain sink in bathroom.

Survey: Americans Finding it Harder to ‘Age in Place’

While many people over 65 would prefer to stay in their homes and communities, high housing costs and a lack of accessible infrastructure make it difficult.

2 hours ago - Smart Cities Dive

Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools

This six-course series explores essential urban design concepts using open source software and equips planners with the tools they need to participate fully in the urban design process.

Planning for Universal Design

Learn the tools for implementing Universal Design in planning regulations.

Write for Planetizen