US Census Releases Most Accurate, Granular Housing Data Yet

A new measurement tool eliminates the inaccuracies that have plagued data about housing supply, helping governments more clearly understand how housing policies are impacting local needs.

1 minute read

November 3, 2025, 7:00 AM PST

By Diana Ionescu @aworkoffiction


New development of single-family homes in Henderson, Nevada.

Alexandre Rotenberg / Shutterstock

A new tool from the U.S. Census Bureau offers a much more granular and accurate portrait of the U.S. housing market. As Alex Armlovich explains for the Niskanen Center, housing data that relies on the American Community Survey or building permit data has been notoriously uneven and inaccurate. 

Now, the new Address Count Listing Files offer a new way for state housing agencies and others to understand the housing supply. “By providing a direct count of housing units from its Master Address File every six months, the bureau empowers researchers and policymakers alike to track the change in the total housing stock over time all the way down to the census block.”

The new measurement is “a far more accurate proxy for new, habitable supply than either building permits, which can predate completion by years (and do not always complete), or the ACS.” It is based on “multiple, reinforcing sources.” 

This new data accuracy empowers agencies and governments to understand the real-world impact of zoning reforms and housing policies, see long-term housing production data from around the country, and target resources here they are most needed and have the greatest impact. According to Armlovich, “The housing crisis has persisted in part because we haven’t been able to measure our progress accurately. With the Census Bureau’s Address Count Listing File data, that excuse is gone.”

Thursday, October 23, 2025 in Niskanen Center

Young Professional

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching. Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

I love the variety of courses, many practical, and all richly illustrated. They have inspired many ideas that I've applied in practice, and in my own teaching.

Mary G., Urban and Environmental Planner

Get top-rated, practical training for planners

Overlapping highways

The state-sanctioned urbicide of Austin

People don’t kill cities. Freeways do.

September 8, 2026 - Benjamin Schneider

The Hoover Dam blocking the Colorado River. The river's water level is noticeably low. The cliffs surrounding the blue water are brown and jagged.

US to reduce Colorado River water deliveries to Mexico

A new Colorado Treaty amendment reduces Mexico’s Colorado River water allocation by 250,000 acre feet.

September 11, 2026 - The Arizona Republic

Skyscrapers in Jersey City.

New Jersey’s second-largest city bans standalone data centers

Jersey City will continue to allow co-location facilities, such as those meant for research institutions that store their own data.

September 4, 2026 - The Cool Down

A New Jersey train approaches people waiting at the station.

Amtrak not solely to blame for New Jersey commuter rail's unreliability, report finds

A new study from the Garden State Initiative found that NJ Transit’s budget grew 20% across a 4 year period, but reliability declined significantly over the same period.

September 15 - Mass Transit

A tall, gray power plant billows smoke into a blue sky.

EPA erases limits on planet-warming pollution from power plants

Under Monday’s plan, power plants would still have some limits on how much mercury, arsenic and other contaminants they can emit.

September 15 - New York Times

A white RAPID bus. The lower half is light blue, and says RAPID in purple text. The bus is half visible, appearing from the left side of the image.

Phoenix announces new on-demand transit service, more frequent RAPID buses

Both new services will launch in October, and are part of Phoenix's Project Effective Access Solutions for Easing Congestion.

September 15 - KJZZ

FREE Course: Walkable City 1: Why Walkability?

After describing his path towards focusing on walkability as the essence of good planning, Jeff Speck marches through his five principal reasons for making more walkable places.

Reinventing Malls: Planning Alchemy—Turning Gray Fields Into Gold

The course focuses on the opportunities and imperatives that shape reinvention of mall sites.