Post Industrial?

I never put much thought into the term “post-industrial.”  In my college and grad years, the phrase seemed to be used like candy – a ubiquitous summary of the current state of cities in the US.  The phrase implies a kind of death in our cities, an inability to retain the industries that spurred their very growth. 

3 minute read

April 24, 2009, 8:33 PM PDT

By Scott Page


I never put much thought into the term "post-industrial."  In my college and grad years, the phrase seemed to be used like candy – a ubiquitous summary of the current state of cities in the US.  The phrase implies a kind of death in our cities, an inability to retain the industries that spurred their very growth. 

The term, first promoted by Daniel Bell in the early 1970s, is based on the trends that we have all come to know too well.  In the golden years of our industrial age, smokestacks and factories sat cheek by jowl with nearby homes.  Over time, industrial geography dispersed.  Some moved to suburban or exurban areas, others overseas.  Many "new" industrial uses (particularly those occupying space in exurban locations) occupied more space and resulted in bigger and flatter boxes.  The large box trend left cities with little bargaining power as larger urban sites for redevelopment are hard to come by.  In some cities, urban renewal programs in the 50s and 60s were able to carve out industrial space but today, space in cities is often limited compared to what's available further afield.  

As industry dispersed, each city was impacted differently.  Detroit's decline was markedly swifter than that in Philadelphia which had a more diverse base of industries.  But the end result is the same.  The often highly visible, vacant and obsolete industrial land has spurred the use of short-hand monikers like "rust-belt" city for added insult. 

But the term "post-industrial" isn't really accurate.  True, there have been changes and cities are not the powerhouses of industrial manufacturing in the ways they once were, but many cities also retain a healthy base of industrial use, even quite a few of those "rust-belt" ones.  Philadelphia, for instance, still has a diverse industrial base and only about an 11% vacancy rate in its industrial stock.  Now, coming into Philadelphia via Amtrak would have you believe that percentage should be a lot higher.  But despite these moments, there is a significant amount of production remaining in the city and local employment is very much tied to what's made, packaged, distributed and ultimately sold locally.  That's not to say we should cling to formerly industrial land in hopes that "formerly" will be replaced by "new," but industrial uses deserve consideration and discussion.  

Some of the issue is inevitably wrapped in the perception of what industry is.  Smokestacks, loud machinery, toxins hairnets - these are the words that spring to mind.  But a broader view today includes a whole range of production including research, artisanal and, depending on how we define it, green jobs.  Combined with the smaller distributers, wholesalers and other old school, but micro-industries, there is a rich economic sector that benefits from the density, activity and available workforce in urban areas.  And many of these uses can, and frequently do, sit comfortably next to homes, stores and parks. 

"Post industrial" feels like we've just given up.  But what is made locally is so important to a city's identity and vibe.  A colleague suggested "older industrial."  More accurate but in an age of political correctness and tact, maybe we should consider "experienced industrial" or "established industrial."  I'm open to suggestions. 


Scott Page

Scott Page is an urban designer and planner with degrees from the University of Pennsylvania and Georgia Tech. His experience in neighborhood design, city-wide housing strategies, waterfront planning, downtown revitalization and economic development has resulted in innovative and achievable strategies for a diversity of public, non-profit and private clients. Scott's design process merges creative grass-roots planning with a focus on sustainable development and design.

Aerial view of homes on green hillsides in Daly City, California.

Depopulation Patterns Get Weird

A recent ranking of “declining” cities heavily features some of the most expensive cities in the country — including New York City and a half-dozen in the San Francisco Bay Area.

April 10, 2024 - California Planning & Development Report

Aerial view of Oakland, California with bay in background

California Exodus: Population Drops Below 39 Million

Never mind the 40 million that demographers predicted the Golden State would reach by 2018. The state's population dipped below 39 million to 38.965 million last July, according to Census data released in March, the lowest since 2015.

April 11, 2024 - Los Angeles Times

A view straight down LaSalle Street, lined by high-rise buildings with an El line running horizontally over the street.

Chicago to Turn High-Rise Offices into Housing

Four commercial buildings in the Chicago Loop have been approved for redevelopment into housing in a bid to revitalize the city’s downtown post-pandemic.

April 10, 2024 - Chicago Construction News

Officials cutting a ceremonial red ribbon at Skyline Ranch Park in Santa Clarita, California.

New Park Opens in the Santa Clarita Valley

The City of Santa Clarita just celebrated the grand opening of its 38th park, the 10.5-acre Skyline Ranch Park.

April 18 - The Signal

Workers putting down asphalt on road.

U.S. Supreme Court: California's Impact Fees May Violate Takings Clause

A California property owner took El Dorado County to state court after paying a traffic impact fee he felt was exorbitant. He lost in trial court, appellate court, and the California Supreme Court denied review. Then the U.S. Supreme Court acted.

April 18 - Los Angeles Times

Aerial view of Barcelona, Spain with Sagrada Familia church in middle among dense buildings.

How Urban Form Impacts Housing Affordability

The way we design cities affects housing costs differently than you might think.

April 18 - The Conversation

News from HUD User

HUD's Office of Policy Development and Research

Call for Speakers

Mpact Transit + Community

New Updates on PD&R Edge

HUD's Office of Policy Development and Research

Write for Planetizen

Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools

This six-course series explores essential urban design concepts using open source software and equips planners with the tools they need to participate fully in the urban design process.

Planning for Universal Design

Learn the tools for implementing Universal Design in planning regulations.