Tracing the historical intersection of architecture, planning, and health from the impetus for zoning controls and the development of public parks ("green lungs") during the 19th and 20th centuries onwards, the authors demonstrate that the medicalization of the field is not a new affliction.
In contemporary discourse, the desire to "green" every surface is the medicine by which designers seek to heal the built environment. "The presence of green is seen as an antidote to problems caused by an urban lifestyle, increasingly considered "unnatural" and therefore harmful."
As we increasingly seek to make our cities and buildings more healthy ("a healthy building should be made of suitable materials with low volatile organic compounds, and be equipped with an adequate ventilation system"), we have also tasked them with making us healthy, by "training us to adopt healthy behaviors."
In cities, "new tools and approaches to urbanism [walking, using public transit, riding a bicycle, growing food through vertical farming and other urban agriculture techniques] demonstrate that the city is not only a place of concentrated social, environmental and health problems, but also an instrument of well-being."
In this environment, the authors see value in de-medicalizing architecture and planning, with the aim of "allow[ing] the discipline to escape the ambiguity and moralism of contemporary ideas of health by taking both problems and solutions out of the realm of individual commitment and restoring them more appropriately to the larger sphere of social surroundings. In this way, it might be possible to recover one's capacity to be critical with respect to public health policies; to take part in the debate while renouncing the allegedly rational, scientific solutions prescribed by a medical idea of health."
