Density without walkability

I had heard of “dense sprawl” and “density without walkability” in the past, but before spending a week in Jerusalem last month, I had never really lived through these problems. My parents (who I was staying with) rented a unit in a high-rise condo complex called Holyland Tower.  Although Holyland Tower was the tallest building in the area, there were numerous mid-rise buildings, and lots of two-and three-story apartment and condo buildings.  While walking through the idea, I saw nothing resembling a single-family home.  In sum, this area was a pretty dense neighborhood in a pretty dense city (Jerusalem’s overall density is roughly comparable to that of the city of San Francisco).

2 minute read

January 1, 2012, 3:35 PM PST

By Michael Lewyn @mlewyn


I had heard of "dense sprawl" and "density without
walkability" in the past, but before spending a week in Jerusalem last month, I had never really
lived through these problems.

My parents (who I was staying with) rented a unit in a
high-rise condo complex called Holyland
Tower.  Although Holyland Tower
was the tallest building in the area, there were numerous mid-rise buildings,
and lots of two-and three-story apartment and condo buildings.  While walking through the idea, I saw nothing
resembling a single-family home.  In sum,
this area was a pretty dense neighborhood in a pretty dense city (Jerusalem's overall density is roughly comparable to that
of the city of San Francisco).

But although the density supported walking, the design did
not.  To find the area, go to Google Maps
(maps.google.com) and go to a street called Avraham Perrera.  You will note that the street is in a section
of looped streets that make the typical American cul-de-sac seem like a
masterpiece of clarity.  As a result,
very little of interest is within walking distance, and what is within walking
distance is hard to find unless you know the area really, really, really well.

For example, the nearest restaurant is less than ¼ of a mile
away as the crow flies, but is about two miles away in reality.  To get there, you have to go on five separate
streets.  (To try it yourself, go to
Google Maps and ask for directions from Avraham Perrera to 5 Hose San Martin).

Because the succession of street loops is so confusing, even
places that are actually not very far are hard to find.  For example, after I was in Jerusalem for a week I
discovered that there was in fact a small supermarket a ten or fifteen minute walk
away, but because of the messy street design (and admittedly, the rough terrain
as well) we were unaware of its existence. 
By contrast, in a neighborhood with enough of a grid to distinguish
commercial from residential streets, commercial destinations are easy to
find.   Admittedly, grids are more
difficult on hilly terrain such as that of Jerusalem. 
But some American neighborhoods manage to combine walkability and hilly
terrain- for example, most of San Francisco, as
well as Philadelphia's
Manayunk.

So what my Jerusalem
neighborhood taught me was that with sufficiently poor street design, even a
fairly compact neighborhood may be more confusing to navigate, and separate
uses more aggressively, than some sprawling suburbs. 


Michael Lewyn

Michael Lewyn is an associate professor at Touro University, Jacob D. Fuchsberg Law Center, in Long Island. His scholarship can be found at http://works.bepress.com/lewyn.

Aerial view of homes on green hillsides in Daly City, California.

Depopulation Patterns Get Weird

A recent ranking of “declining” cities heavily features some of the most expensive cities in the country — including New York City and a half-dozen in the San Francisco Bay Area.

April 10, 2024 - California Planning & Development Report

Aerial view of Oakland, California with bay in background

California Exodus: Population Drops Below 39 Million

Never mind the 40 million that demographers predicted the Golden State would reach by 2018. The state's population dipped below 39 million to 38.965 million last July, according to Census data released in March, the lowest since 2015.

April 11, 2024 - Los Angeles Times

Large blank mall building with only two cars in large parking lot.

Pennsylvania Mall Conversion Bill Passes House

If passed, the bill would promote the adaptive reuse of defunct commercial buildings.

April 18, 2024 - Central Penn Business Journal

Young woman and man seated on subway car looking at phones.

Google Maps Introduces New Transit, EV Features

It will now be easier to find electric car charging stations and transit options.

April 19 - BGR

Ohio state capitol dome against dramatic lightly cloudy sky.

Ohio Lawmakers Propose Incentivizing Housing Production

A proposed bill would take a carrot approach to stimulating housing production through a grant program that would reward cities that implement pro-housing policies.

April 19 - Daytona Daily News

Aerial view of Interstate 290 or Eisenhower Expressway in Chicago, Illinois.

Chicago Awarded $2M Reconnecting Communities Grant

Community advocates say the city’s plan may not do enough to reverse the negative impacts of a major expressway.

April 19 - Streetsblog Chicago

News from HUD User

HUD's Office of Policy Development and Research

Call for Speakers

Mpact Transit + Community

New Updates on PD&R Edge

HUD's Office of Policy Development and Research

Write for Planetizen

Urban Design for Planners 1: Software Tools

This six-course series explores essential urban design concepts using open source software and equips planners with the tools they need to participate fully in the urban design process.

Planning for Universal Design

Learn the tools for implementing Universal Design in planning regulations.