Schulman writes:
"The lesson to be gleamed from Pittsburgh isn't so much in what steps it's taken on its way to recovery. Rather, the lesson to be learned from Pittsburgh is what happened to it when its Great Recession hit in 1983."
Renn explains that Pittsburgh's path to success came from hitting rock bottom and capitalizing on the strengths that were left: "...beautiful architecture, old establishment money, intact communities and ethnic organizations, and cultural trusts and universities."